Elasticsearch常用运维命令

Elasticsearch 的运维命令主要集中在使用其 RESTful API 上。这些命令可以通过任何 HTTP 客户端（如 curl、Kibana Dev Tools、Postman 等）来执行。

集群健康与状态信息

这是运维中最常用的一组命令，用于快速了解集群的整体状态。

查看集群健康状态

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[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret quickstart-es-elastic-user -o go-template='{{.data.elastic | base64decode}}')
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# 


curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cluster/health?pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cluster/health?pretty"
{
  "cluster_name" : "quickstart",
  "status" : "green",
  "timed_out" : false,
  "number_of_nodes" : 1,
  "number_of_data_nodes" : 1,
  "active_primary_shards" : 39,
  "active_shards" : 39,
  "relocating_shards" : 0,
  "initializing_shards" : 0,
  "unassigned_shards" : 0,
  "unassigned_primary_shards" : 0,
  "delayed_unassigned_shards" : 0,
  "number_of_pending_tasks" : 0,
  "number_of_in_flight_fetch" : 0,
  "task_max_waiting_in_queue_millis" : 0,
  "active_shards_percent_as_number" : 100.0
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看集群详细状态（包含节点、索引信息）

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cluster/state?pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cluster/state?pretty"
--------略
        {
          "state" : "STARTED",
          "primary" : true,
          "node" : "N9j3pRcUR06S4vCsRcdnWw",
          "relocating_node" : null,
          "shard" : 0,
          "index" : ".internal.alerts-observability.metrics.alerts-default-000001",
          "allocation_id" : {
            "id" : "5onDdIVtS6WBHRBQeCB7PQ"
          },
          "relocation_failure_info" : {
            "failed_attempts" : 0
          }
        },
        {
          "state" : "STARTED",
          "primary" : true,
          "node" : "N9j3pRcUR06S4vCsRcdnWw",
          "relocating_node" : null,
          "shard" : 0,
          "index" : ".ds-ilm-history-7-2025.12.12-000001",
          "allocation_id" : {
            "id" : "58PpB0LGQ6iabrqO5VLKqw"
          },
          "relocation_failure_info" : {
            "failed_attempts" : 0
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "health" : {
    "disk" : {
      "high_watermark" : "90%",
      "high_max_headroom" : "150gb",
      "flood_stage_watermark" : "95%",
      "flood_stage_max_headroom" : "100gb",
      "frozen_flood_stage_watermark" : "95%",
      "frozen_flood_stage_max_headroom" : "20gb"
    },
    "shard_limits" : {
      "max_shards_per_node" : 1000,
      "max_shards_per_node_frozen" : 3000
    }
  }
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看节点信息（节点角色、负载等）

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/nodes?v&pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/nodes?v&pretty"
ip            heap.percent ram.percent cpu load_1m load_5m load_15m node.role   master name
172.20.246.81           20          90   2    0.12    0.24     0.30 cdfhilmrstw *      quickstart-es-default-0
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看所有节点统计信息（CPU，内存，磁盘等）

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_nodes/stats?pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_nodes/stats?pretty"
{
  "_nodes" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "cluster_name" : "quickstart",
  "nodes" : {
    "N9j3pRcUR06S4vCsRcdnWw" : {
      "timestamp" : 1765552084622,
      "name" : "quickstart-es-default-0",
      "transport_address" : "172.20.246.81:9300",
      "host" : "172.20.246.81",
      "ip" : "172.20.246.81:9300",
      "roles" : [
        "data",
        "data_cold",
        "data_content",
        "data_frozen",
        "data_hot",
        "data_warm",
        "ingest",
        "master",
        "ml",
        "remote_cluster_client",
        "transform"
      ],
      "attributes" : {
        "k8s_node_name" : "k8s-192-168-1-140",
        "transform.config_version" : "10.0.0",
        "xpack.installed" : "true",
        "ml.allocated_processors" : "4",
        "ml.max_jvm_size" : "1073741824",
        "ml.config_version" : "12.0.0",
        "ml.machine_memory" : "2147483648",
        "ml.allocated_processors_double" : "4.0"
      },
      "indices" : {
        "docs" : {
          "count" : 704,
          "deleted" : 33,
          "total_size_in_bytes" : 3277982
        },
        "shard_stats" : {
          "total_count" : 39
        },
        "store" : {
          "size_in_bytes" : 3463658,
          "total_data_set_size_in_bytes" : 3463658,
          "reserved_in_bytes" : 0
        },
---------略
      "indexing_pressure" : {
        "memory" : {
          "current" : {
            "combined_coordinating_and_primary_in_bytes" : 0,
            "coordinating_in_bytes" : 0,
            "primary_in_bytes" : 0,
            "replica_in_bytes" : 0,
            "all_in_bytes" : 0
          },
          "total" : {
            "combined_coordinating_and_primary_in_bytes" : 17013966,
            "coordinating_in_bytes" : 6251254,
            "primary_in_bytes" : 17072110,
            "replica_in_bytes" : 0,
            "all_in_bytes" : 17013966,
            "coordinating_rejections" : 0,
            "primary_rejections" : 0,
            "replica_rejections" : 0,
            "primary_document_rejections" : 0,
            "large_operation_rejections" : 0
          },
          "limit_in_bytes" : 107374182
        }
      },
      "repositories" : { },
      "allocations" : {
        "shards" : 39,
        "undesired_shards" : 0,
        "forecasted_ingest_load" : 0.0,
        "forecasted_disk_usage_in_bytes" : 3540384,
        "current_disk_usage_in_bytes" : 3540384
      }
    }
  }
}

关键指标解读：

status: green（健康），yellow（数据完整，但副本未分配），red（数据丢失或主分片缺失），只有一个索引出现red则集群就是red。
number_of_nodes： 集群中节点总数。
unassigned_shards： 未分配的分片数，yellow 或 red 状态的直接原因，集群状态的修复，其实就是修复这里。

检查pending tasks

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curl  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k  "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cluster/pending_tasks?pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k  "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cluster/pending_tasks?pretty"
{
  "tasks" : [ ]
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

检查节点统计（包括JVM）

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curl  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_nodes/stats/jvm?pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_nodes/stats/jvm?pretty"
{
  "_nodes" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "cluster_name" : "quickstart",
  "nodes" : {
    "N9j3pRcUR06S4vCsRcdnWw" : {
      "timestamp" : 1765556768340,
      "name" : "quickstart-es-default-0",
      "transport_address" : "172.20.246.81:9300",
      "host" : "172.20.246.81",
      "ip" : "172.20.246.81:9300",
      "roles" : [
        "data",
        "data_cold",
        "data_content",
        "data_frozen",
        "data_hot",
        "data_warm",
        "ingest",
        "master",
        "ml",
        "remote_cluster_client",
        "transform"
      ],
      "attributes" : {
        "k8s_node_name" : "k8s-192-168-1-140",
        "transform.config_version" : "10.0.0",
        "xpack.installed" : "true",
        "ml.allocated_processors" : "4",
        "ml.max_jvm_size" : "1073741824",
        "ml.config_version" : "12.0.0",
        "ml.machine_memory" : "2147483648",
        "ml.allocated_processors_double" : "4.0"
      },
      "jvm" : {
        "timestamp" : 1765556768340,
        "uptime_in_millis" : 8190447,
        "mem" : {
          "heap_used_in_bytes" : 367588160,
          "heap_used_percent" : 34,
          "heap_committed_in_bytes" : 1073741824,
          "heap_max_in_bytes" : 1073741824,
          "non_heap_used_in_bytes" : 254902992,
          "non_heap_committed_in_bytes" : 288817152,
          "pools" : {
            "CodeHeap 'non-nmethods'" : {
              "used_in_bytes" : 2897024,
              "max_in_bytes" : 5832704,
              "peak_used_in_bytes" : 3078400,
              "peak_max_in_bytes" : 5832704
            },
            "Metaspace" : {
              "used_in_bytes" : 188019056,
              "max_in_bytes" : 0,
              "peak_used_in_bytes" : 188019056,
              "peak_max_in_bytes" : 0
            },
            "CodeHeap 'profiled nmethods'" : {
              "used_in_bytes" : 22557696,
              "max_in_bytes" : 122908672,
              "peak_used_in_bytes" : 47959168,
              "peak_max_in_bytes" : 122908672
            },
            "Compressed Class Space" : {
              "used_in_bytes" : 22554848,
              "max_in_bytes" : 1073741824,
              "peak_used_in_bytes" : 22558024,
              "peak_max_in_bytes" : 1073741824
            },
            "young" : {
              "used_in_bytes" : 218103808,
              "max_in_bytes" : 0,
              "peak_used_in_bytes" : 629145600,
              "peak_max_in_bytes" : 0
            },
            "old" : {
              "used_in_bytes" : 142159792,
              "max_in_bytes" : 1073741824,
              "peak_used_in_bytes" : 142159792,
              "peak_max_in_bytes" : 1073741824
            },
            "survivor" : {
              "used_in_bytes" : 7324560,
              "max_in_bytes" : 0,
              "peak_used_in_bytes" : 54525952,
              "peak_max_in_bytes" : 0
            },
            "CodeHeap 'non-profiled nmethods'" : {
              "used_in_bytes" : 18874368,
              "max_in_bytes" : 122916864,
              "peak_used_in_bytes" : 21230464,
              "peak_max_in_bytes" : 122916864
            }
          }
        },
        "threads" : {
          "count" : 102,
          "peak_count" : 107
        },
        "gc" : {
          "collectors" : {
            "young" : {
              "collection_count" : 49,
              "collection_time_in_millis" : 567
            },
            "G1 Concurrent GC" : {
              "collection_count" : 32,
              "collection_time_in_millis" : 299
            },
            "old" : {
              "collection_count" : 0,
              "collection_time_in_millis" : 0
            }
          }
        },
        "buffer_pools" : {
          "mapped" : {
            "count" : 0,
            "used_in_bytes" : 0,
            "total_capacity_in_bytes" : 0
          },
          "direct" : {
            "count" : 19,
            "used_in_bytes" : 4849681,
            "total_capacity_in_bytes" : 4849675
          },
          "mapped - 'non-volatile memory'" : {
            "count" : 0,
            "used_in_bytes" : 0,
            "total_capacity_in_bytes" : 0
          }
        },
        "classes" : {
          "current_loaded_count" : 37618,
          "total_loaded_count" : 39057,
          "total_unloaded_count" : 1439
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

索引管理

简单创建索引

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curl -X PUT  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 3,
    "number_of_replicas": 1
  },
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "title": { "type": "text" },
      "content": { "type": "text" },
      "timestamp": { "type": "date" }
    }
  }
}
'


[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -X PUT  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 3,
    "number_of_replicas": 1
  },
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "title": { "type": "text" },
      "content": { "type": "text" },
      "timestamp": { "type": "date" }
    }
  }
}
'


{
  "acknowledged" : true,
  "shards_acknowledged" : true,
  "index" : "cby"
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看所有索引（包含文档数、存储大小等）

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/indices?v&pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/indices?v&pretty"
health status index                                                              uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size dataset.size
green  open   .internal.alerts-transform.health.alerts-default-000001            a2rSAm8mS-SrwYku3uAYLQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.logs.alerts-default-000001          kfuEckcpSmGERMea6-K7SQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.uptime.alerts-default-000001        LjhwWuZjRlah9zJKu2Q1bQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-ml.anomaly-detection.alerts-default-000001        1T4CZbf5T8SG1goXXn-07w   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.slo.alerts-default-000001           4M4iza7KQCaU2t_y6E5smQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-default.alerts-default-000001                     y1re-StiTG-aoC6sSgcGXA   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-streams.alerts-default-000001                     RNM1iJUnSvOpqy4KPNFwBQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.apm.alerts-default-000001           gWZKJICPQtO8-hNQsWfn8A   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-security.attack.discovery.alerts-default-000001   AW_JMgIZSjaEyHDmQapViA   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.metrics.alerts-default-000001       cPLbEFixQF2tJO7hY0GK4A   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-ml.anomaly-detection-health.alerts-default-000001 yFWgfEPoQiKnfjYYd_9rfA   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.threshold.alerts-default-000001     OfniPqsZRvWm4p0ybqZfEw   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-security.alerts-default-000001                    4DrPeUpGRcm2VVlK2tytbQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-dataset.quality.alerts-default-000001             1nWfrX_DTKO4VDuLULH9hw   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
yellow open   cby                                                                Xu_XibxhQGSSdVTvZac3OA   3   1          0            0       681b           681b         681b
green  open   .internal.alerts-stack.alerts-default-000001                       sqLxcGqeS22EbJJ2XBMJvQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看特定索引的状态

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/indices/cby?v&pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/indices/cby?v&pretty"
health status index uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size dataset.size
yellow open   cby   Xu_XibxhQGSSdVTvZac3OA   3   1          0            0       681b           681b         681b
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看索引的详细统计信息

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_stats?pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_stats?pretty"
{
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 6,
    "successful" : 3,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_all" : {
    "primaries" : {
      "docs" : {
        "count" : 0,
        "deleted" : 0,
        "total_size_in_bytes" : 0
      },
-----略
        "dense_vector" : {
          "value_count" : 0,
          "off_heap" : {
            "total_size_bytes" : 0,
            "total_veb_size_bytes" : 0,
            "total_vec_size_bytes" : 0,
            "total_veq_size_bytes" : 0,
            "total_vex_size_bytes" : 0
          }
        },
        "sparse_vector" : {
          "value_count" : 0
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看索引的映射（mapping）

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_mapping?pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_mapping?pretty"
{
  "cby" : {
    "mappings" : {
      "properties" : {
        "content" : {
          "type" : "text"
        },
        "timestamp" : {
          "type" : "date"
        },
        "title" : {
          "type" : "text"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看索引的设置（settings）

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_settings?pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_settings?pretty"
{
  "cby" : {
    "settings" : {
      "index" : {
        "routing" : {
          "allocation" : {
            "include" : {
              "_tier_preference" : "data_content"
            }
          }
        },
        "number_of_shards" : "3",
        "provided_name" : "cby",
        "creation_date" : "1765552408698",
        "number_of_replicas" : "1",
        "uuid" : "Xu_XibxhQGSSdVTvZac3OA",
        "version" : {
          "created" : "9039002"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

删除索引（危险操作！）

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curl -XDELETE  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -XDELETE  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby"
{"acknowledged":true}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

关闭索引（保留数据但不再读写，节省资源）

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curl -XPOST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_close"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -XPOST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_close"
{"acknowledged":true,"shards_acknowledged":true,"indices":{"cby":{"closed":true}}}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

打开索引

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curl -XPOST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_open"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -XPOST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_open"
{"acknowledged":true,"shards_acknowledged":true}[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# 
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

修改索引配置（如动态修改副本数）

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curl -XPUT  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_settings" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d' { "number_of_replicas": 2 } '


[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -XPUT  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_settings" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d' { "number_of_replicas": 2 } '
{"acknowledged":true}[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# 
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看分片分配情况（非常重要！）

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/shards?v&pretty"


[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/shards?v&pretty"
index                                                              shard prirep state      docs   store dataset ip            node
.kibana_search_solution_9.2.2_001                                  0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.slo-observability.summary-v3.5                                    0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.kibana_task_manager_9.2.2_001                                     0     p      STARTED      48  90.1kb  90.1kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.kibana_usage_counters_9.2.2_001                                   0     p      STARTED      82  64.9kb  64.9kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.kibana_alerting_cases_9.2.2_001                                   0     p      STARTED       1   7.5kb   7.5kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
cby                                                                0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
cby                                                                0     r      UNASSIGNED                                    
cby                                                                0     r      UNASSIGNED                                    
cby                                                                1     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
cby                                                                1     r      UNASSIGNED                                    
cby                                                                1     r      UNASSIGNED                                    
cby                                                                2     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
cby                                                                2     r      UNASSIGNED                                    
cby                                                                2     r      UNASSIGNED                                    
.slo-observability.summary-v3.5.temp                               0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-observability.slo.alerts-default-000001           0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.kibana_locks-000001                                               0     p      STARTED       0   3.6kb   3.6kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.ds-.edr-workflow-insights-default-2025.12.12-000001               0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.kibana_9.2.2_001                                                  0     p      STARTED      88  86.4kb  86.4kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.ds-ilm-history-7-2025.12.12-000001                                0     p      STARTED      48  34.7kb  34.7kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-observability.apm.alerts-default-000001           0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-observability.threshold.alerts-default-000001     0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-stack.alerts-default-000001                       0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-transform.health.alerts-default-000001            0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-dataset.quality.alerts-default-000001             0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-streams.alerts-default-000001                     0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-observability.uptime.alerts-default-000001        0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.ds-.logs-elasticsearch.deprecation-default-2025.12.12-000001      0     p      STARTED       4  34.6kb  34.6kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.apm-agent-configuration                                           0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-observability.metrics.alerts-default-000001       0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.slo-observability.sli-v3.5                                        0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-ml.anomaly-detection.alerts-default-000001        0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.kibana_security_solution_9.2.2_001                                0     p      STARTED       6  61.4kb  61.4kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-default.alerts-default-000001                     0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-security.attack.discovery.alerts-default-000001   0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-security.alerts-default-000001                    0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.kibana_ingest_9.2.2_001                                           0     p      STARTED     143 294.3kb 294.3kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-observability.logs.alerts-default-000001          0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.ds-.kibana-event-log-ds-2025.12.12-000001                         0     p      STARTED       1   6.3kb   6.3kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.kibana-siem-rule-migrations-integrations                          0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.kibana_analytics_9.2.2_001                                        0     p      STARTED       5   1.7mb   1.7mb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.security-profile-8                                                0     p      STARTED       1  19.9kb  19.9kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.kibana_security_session_1                                         0     p      STARTED       2  13.6kb  13.6kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.apm-custom-link                                                   0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.internal.alerts-ml.anomaly-detection-health.alerts-default-000001 0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.apm-source-map                                                    0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.security-7                                                        0     p      STARTED     288 771.8kb 771.8kb 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
.kibana-siem-rule-migrations-prebuiltrules                         0     p      STARTED       0    249b    249b 172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看未分配的分片及原因

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/shards?v&h=index,shard,prirep,state,unassigned.reason&s=state&pretty"


[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/shards?v&h=index,shard,prirep,state,unassigned.reason&s=state&pretty"
index                                                              shard prirep state      unassigned.reason
cby                                                                0     r      UNASSIGNED INDEX_REOPENED
cby                                                                0     r      UNASSIGNED REPLICA_ADDED
cby                                                                1     r      UNASSIGNED INDEX_REOPENED
cby                                                                1     r      UNASSIGNED REPLICA_ADDED
cby                                                                2     r      UNASSIGNED INDEX_REOPENED
cby                                                                2     r      UNASSIGNED REPLICA_ADDED
.kibana_search_solution_9.2.2_001                                  0     p      STARTED    
.slo-observability.summary-v3.5                                    0     p      STARTED    
.kibana_task_manager_9.2.2_001                                     0     p      STARTED    
.kibana_usage_counters_9.2.2_001                                   0     p      STARTED    
.kibana_alerting_cases_9.2.2_001                                   0     p      STARTED    
cby                                                                0     p      STARTED    
cby                                                                1     p      STARTED    
cby                                                                2     p      STARTED    
.slo-observability.summary-v3.5.temp                               0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-observability.slo.alerts-default-000001           0     p      STARTED    
.kibana_locks-000001                                               0     p      STARTED    
.ds-.edr-workflow-insights-default-2025.12.12-000001               0     p      STARTED    
.kibana_9.2.2_001                                                  0     p      STARTED    
.ds-ilm-history-7-2025.12.12-000001                                0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-observability.apm.alerts-default-000001           0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-observability.threshold.alerts-default-000001     0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-stack.alerts-default-000001                       0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-transform.health.alerts-default-000001            0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-dataset.quality.alerts-default-000001             0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-streams.alerts-default-000001                     0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-observability.uptime.alerts-default-000001        0     p      STARTED    
.ds-.logs-elasticsearch.deprecation-default-2025.12.12-000001      0     p      STARTED    
.apm-agent-configuration                                           0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-observability.metrics.alerts-default-000001       0     p      STARTED    
.slo-observability.sli-v3.5                                        0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-ml.anomaly-detection.alerts-default-000001        0     p      STARTED    
.kibana_security_solution_9.2.2_001                                0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-default.alerts-default-000001                     0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-security.attack.discovery.alerts-default-000001   0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-security.alerts-default-000001                    0     p      STARTED    
.kibana_ingest_9.2.2_001                                           0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-observability.logs.alerts-default-000001          0     p      STARTED    
.ds-.kibana-event-log-ds-2025.12.12-000001                         0     p      STARTED    
.kibana-siem-rule-migrations-integrations                          0     p      STARTED    
.kibana_analytics_9.2.2_001                                        0     p      STARTED    
.security-profile-8                                                0     p      STARTED    
.kibana_security_session_1                                         0     p      STARTED    
.apm-custom-link                                                   0     p      STARTED    
.internal.alerts-ml.anomaly-detection-health.alerts-default-000001 0     p      STARTED    
.apm-source-map                                                    0     p      STARTED    
.security-7                                                        0     p      STARTED    
.kibana-siem-rule-migrations-prebuiltrules                         0     p      STARTED    
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

清除节点的缓存

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curl -XPOST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_cache/clear"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -XPOST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_cache/clear"
{"_shards":{"total":9,"successful":3,"failed":0}}[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# 
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

清除所有的缓存

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curl -XPOST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cache/clear?pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -XPOST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cache/clear?pretty"
{
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 21,
    "successful" : 18,
    "failed" : 0
  }
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

将节点排除出集群（下线节点）

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curl -XPUT  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cluster/settings" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d' { "transient": { "cluster.routing.allocation.exclude._name": "node-name-to-remove" } } '

查看正在运行的任务（如 _forcemerge, reindex）

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/tasks?v&pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/tasks?v&pretty"
action                         task_id                      parent_task_id               type       start_time    timestamp running_time ip            node
geoip-downloader[c]            N9j3pRcUR06S4vCsRcdnWw:340   cluster:1                    persistent 1765548603189 14:10:03  1.2h         172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
health-node[c]                 N9j3pRcUR06S4vCsRcdnWw:350   cluster:2                    persistent 1765548603882 14:10:03  1.2h         172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
cluster:monitor/tasks/lists    N9j3pRcUR06S4vCsRcdnWw:53136 -                            transport  1765553067275 15:24:27  498micros    172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
cluster:monitor/tasks/lists[n] N9j3pRcUR06S4vCsRcdnWw:53137 N9j3pRcUR06S4vCsRcdnWw:53136 transport  1765553067275 15:24:27  420.9micros  172.20.246.81 quickstart-es-default-0
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看热点线程（用于诊断性能问题）

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_nodes/hot_threads?pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_nodes/hot_threads?pretty"
::: {quickstart-es-default-0}{N9j3pRcUR06S4vCsRcdnWw}{ob3LpO08ReyXSUqr6OkHDQ}{quickstart-es-default-0}{172.20.246.81}{172.20.246.81:9300}{cdfhilmrstw}{9.2.2}{8000099-9039002}{k8s_node_name=k8s-192-168-1-140, transform.config_version=10.0.0, xpack.installed=true, ml.allocated_processors=4, ml.max_jvm_size=1073741824, ml.config_version=12.0.0, ml.machine_memory=2147483648, ml.allocated_processors_double=4.0}
   Hot threads at 2025-12-12T16:31:15.859Z, interval=500ms, busiestThreads=3, ignoreIdleThreads=true:

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查看集群设置

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curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cluster/settings?pretty"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cluster/settings?pretty"
{
  "persistent" : { },
  "transient" : { }
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

在索引中插入内容指定ID

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curl -X POST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_doc/123" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "name": "Snow Crash",
  "author": "Neal Stephenson",
  "release_date": "1992-06-01",
  "page_count": 470
}
'

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -X POST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_doc/123" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "name": "Snow Crash",
  "author": "Neal Stephenson",
  "release_date": "1992-06-01",
  "page_count": 470
}
'
{"_index":"cby","_id":"123","_version":1,"result":"created","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":1,"failed":0},"_seq_no":0,"_primary_term":3}

在索引中插入内容随机ID

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curl -X POST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_doc/" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "name": "Snow Crash",
  "author": "Neal Stephenson",
  "release_date": "1992-06-01",
  "page_count": 470
}
'

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -X POST  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_doc/" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "name": "Snow Crash",
  "author": "Neal Stephenson",
  "release_date": "1992-06-01",
  "page_count": 470
}
'
{"_index":"cby","_id":"ByNRE5sBdx0sYBy0kiOe","_version":1,"result":"created","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":1,"failed":0},"_seq_no":0,"_primary_term":3}[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# 
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

统计索引中的量

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curl -XGET -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k 'https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_count'

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -XGET -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k 'https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_count'
{"count":2,"_shards":{"total":3,"successful":3,"skipped":0,"failed":0}}[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# 
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查询索引中的数据内容

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curl -XGET -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k 'https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_search?pretty'

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -XGET -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k 'https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_search?pretty'
{
  "took" : 8,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 3,
    "successful" : 3,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 2,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "cby",
        "_id" : "123",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "Snow Crash",
          "author" : "Neal Stephenson",
          "release_date" : "1992-06-01",
          "page_count" : 470
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "cby",
        "_id" : "ByNRE5sBdx0sYBy0kiOe",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "Snow Crash",
          "author" : "Neal Stephenson",
          "release_date" : "1992-06-01",
          "page_count" : 470
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

删除指定索引中的数据内容

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curl -X DELETE  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_doc/123"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -X DELETE  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_doc/123"
{"_index":"cby","_id":"123","_version":2,"result":"deleted","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":1,"failed":0},"_seq_no":1,"_primary_term":3}

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# 
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -XGET -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k 'https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_search?pretty'
{
  "took" : 25,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 3,
    "successful" : 3,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "cby",
        "_id" : "ByNRE5sBdx0sYBy0kiOe",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "Snow Crash",
          "author" : "Neal Stephenson",
          "release_date" : "1992-06-01",
          "page_count" : 470
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

设检查索引统计

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curl  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/indices?v&s=index"

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/_cat/indices?v&s=index"
health status index                                                              uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size dataset.size
green  open   .internal.alerts-dataset.quality.alerts-default-000001             1nWfrX_DTKO4VDuLULH9hw   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-default.alerts-default-000001                     y1re-StiTG-aoC6sSgcGXA   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-ml.anomaly-detection-health.alerts-default-000001 yFWgfEPoQiKnfjYYd_9rfA   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-ml.anomaly-detection.alerts-default-000001        1T4CZbf5T8SG1goXXn-07w   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.apm.alerts-default-000001           gWZKJICPQtO8-hNQsWfn8A   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.logs.alerts-default-000001          kfuEckcpSmGERMea6-K7SQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.metrics.alerts-default-000001       cPLbEFixQF2tJO7hY0GK4A   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.slo.alerts-default-000001           4M4iza7KQCaU2t_y6E5smQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.threshold.alerts-default-000001     OfniPqsZRvWm4p0ybqZfEw   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-observability.uptime.alerts-default-000001        LjhwWuZjRlah9zJKu2Q1bQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-security.alerts-default-000001                    4DrPeUpGRcm2VVlK2tytbQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-security.attack.discovery.alerts-default-000001   AW_JMgIZSjaEyHDmQapViA   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-stack.alerts-default-000001                       sqLxcGqeS22EbJJ2XBMJvQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-streams.alerts-default-000001                     RNM1iJUnSvOpqy4KPNFwBQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
green  open   .internal.alerts-transform.health.alerts-default-000001            a2rSAm8mS-SrwYku3uAYLQ   1   0          0            0       249b           249b         249b
yellow open   cby                                                                zKsFpdUaTJaO0MBUyQ-O4g   3   1          1            0      6.7kb          6.7kb        6.7kb
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

查询指定字段为某值的数据

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curl -XGET -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k 'https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_search?q=page_count:470'

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -XGET -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k 'https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_search?q=page_count:470'
{"took":1,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":3,"successful":3,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":1.0,"hits":[{"_index":"cby","_id":"ByNRE5sBdx0sYBy0kiOe","_score":1.0,"_source":
{
  "name": "Snow Crash",
  "author": "Neal Stephenson",
  "release_date": "1992-06-01",
  "page_count": 470
}
}]}}[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# 
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

重置refesh_interval

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curl -X PUT -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_settings" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d'{"refresh_interval": null}'

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -X PUT -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_settings" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d'{"refresh_interval": null}'
{"acknowledged":true}

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# 
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_settings?pretty"
{
  "cby" : {
    "settings" : {
      "index" : {
        "routing" : {
          "allocation" : {
            "include" : {
              "_tier_preference" : "data_content"
            }
          }
        },
        "number_of_shards" : "3",
        "provided_name" : "cby",
        "creation_date" : "1765552854698",
        "number_of_replicas" : "1",
        "uuid" : "zKsFpdUaTJaO0MBUyQ-O4g",
        "version" : {
          "created" : "9039002"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

设置refesh_interval时间

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curl -X PUT -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_settings" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d'{"refresh_interval": "30s"}'

[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -X PUT -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_settings" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d'{"refresh_interval": "30s"}'

{"acknowledged":true}[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# 
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]# curl -s -XGET  -u "elastic:$PASSWORD" -k "https://10.68.66.232:9200/cby/_settings?pretty"
{
  "cby" : {
    "settings" : {
      "index" : {
        "routing" : {
          "allocation" : {
            "include" : {
              "_tier_preference" : "data_content"
            }
          }
        },
        "refresh_interval" : "30s",
        "number_of_shards" : "3",
        "provided_name" : "cby",
        "creation_date" : "1765552854698",
        "number_of_replicas" : "1",
        "uuid" : "zKsFpdUaTJaO0MBUyQ-O4g",
        "version" : {
          "created" : "9039002"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
[root@k8s-192-168-1-140 ~]#

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